AP Computer Science A Premium, 2022-2023: 6 Practice Tests + Comprehensive Review + Online Practice Tenth Edition
Book Preface
Introduction
The introduction to this book provides an overview of the format and content of the AP Computer Science A exam.
Diagnostic Test
The full-length practice test at the start of this book serves as a diagnostic test. It is accompanied by a diagnostic chart that identifies the topic related to each multiple-choice question and the page in the review chapters that discusses that topic. Detailed answer explanations are provided for all multiple-choice questions, and complete solutions and scoring rubrics are supplied for the free-response questions. You can also use this test as a practice test once you have completed your review.
Review and Practice
Chapter 1 features tips and advice for tackling the multiple-choice and free-response questions on the exam.
Chapters 2 through 9 each contain a comprehensive review of a topic, multiple-choice practice questions that test your understanding of that topic, and detailed answer explanations for all questions. These questions are designed to help you review parts of the Java subset you should know for test day. A few questions are not typical AP exam questions—for example, questions that test low-level details of syntax. Most of these practice questions, however, and all the multiple-choice questions in the diagnostic and practice tests are representative of actual exam questions. Note that several groups of these practice questions are preceded by a single piece of code to which the questions refer. Be aware that the AP exam will usually restrict the number of questions per code example to two.
In both the text and questions/explanations, a special code font is used for parts of the text that are Java code.
All features of Java that are likely to be tested on the AP exam are covered in this book, including arrays, two-dimensional arrays, strings, list processing, and inheritance in object-oriented programming. A small number of optional topics that are not part of the AP Java subset are included because they are useful for the free-response questions. Sections in the review text and multiple-choice questions that are optional topics are clearly marked as such.
Practice Tests
This book concludes with two full-length practice tests that mirror the actual exam in format and content. Each test is followed by an answer key and detailed explanations for the multiple-choice questions and complete solutions and scoring rubrics for the free-response questions.
Once you complete a test, you may wish to calculate your approximate AP score. Use the scoring worksheet provided on the back of the answer sheet.
Online Practice
There are three additional full-length practice tests online. You may take these tests in practice (untimed) mode or in timed mode. All multiple-choice questions are accompanied by detailed answer explanations, and there are complete solutions and scoring rubrics for the free-response questions.
For Students
This book is designed to prepare you for the AP Computer Science A exam. It would typically be used upon completion of an AP course. However, since it contains a complete summary of all exam topics, you can use it for self-study throughout the school year, along with a suitable textbook. You can also use this book as a supplement to a first-semester college course where Java is the programming language.
Before the AP exam, study the tips in Chapter 1 and attempt as many of the practice tests as you can. Be sure to check out the appendix at the end of the book, which provides a glossary of useful computer terms that occasionally appear on the exam. One final hint: try the questions before you peek at the answers. Best of luck on exam day!
For Teachers
This book covers the course and exam format outlined in the latest AP Computer Science A Course and Exam Description. It provides a review of object-oriented programming, algorithm analysis, and data structures. You can use this book as a resource in a high school class or an introductory college course, or you can assign practice questions as homework or test material.
Table of Contents
How to Use This Book
Barron’s Essential 5
Introduction
Diagnostic Test
Section I
Section II
Answer Key (Section I)
Diagnostic Chart
Answer Explanations
1Tips for Taking the Exam
Tips for the Multiple-Choice Section
What Is Tested?
Time Management
Guessing
The Java Quick Reference
An Active Pencil
Troubleshooting—What’s Wrong with This Code?
Loop Tracing
Java Exceptions
Matrix Manipulation
Comparing Algorithms
Mechanics of Answering Multiple-Choice Questions
Tips for the Free-Response Section
What Is the Format?
What Is Tested?
What Types of Questions Might Be Asked?
Skill Focus in Free-Response Questions
The Java Quick Reference
Time Management
Grading the Free-Response Questions
Writing Code
Maximizing Your Score
2Introductory Java Language Features
Packages and Classes
Javadoc Comments
Types and Identifiers
Identifiers
Built-in Types
Storage of Numbers
Hexadecimal and Octal Numbers
Final Variables
Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Assignment Operators
Increment and Decrement Operators
Operator Precedence
Input/Output
Input
Output
Escape Sequences
Control Structures
Decision-Making Control Structures
Iteration
Errors and Exceptions
Multiple-Choice Questions on Introductory Java Language Concepts
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
3Classes and Objects
Objects
Classes
Public, Private, and Static
Methods
Headers
Types of Methods
Method Overloading
Scope
The this
Keyword
References
Reference vs. Primitive Data Types
The Null Reference
Method Parameters
Multiple-Choice Questions on Classes and Objects
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
4Inheritance and Polymorphism
Inheritance
Superclass and Subclass
Inheritance Hierarchy
Implementing Subclasses
Declaring Subclass Objects
Polymorphism
Dynamic Binding (Late Binding)
Using super
in a Subclass
Type Compatibility
Downcasting
Abstract Classes
Interfaces
Multiple-Choice Questions on Inheritance and Polymorphism
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
5Some Standard Classes
The Object
Class
The Universal Superclass
Methods in Object
The String
Class
String
Objects
Constructing String
Objects
The Concatenation Operator
Comparison of String
Objects
Other String
Methods
Special Emphasis
Wrapper Classes
The Integer
Class
The Double
Class
Autoboxing and Unboxing
The Math Class
Random Numbers
Multiple-Choice Questions on Some Standard Classes
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
6Program Design and Analysis
Software Development
Program Specification
Program Design
Program Implementation
Testing and Debugging
Program Maintenance
Object-Oriented Program Design
Identifying Classes
Identifying Behaviors
Determining Relationships Between Classes
UML Diagrams
Implementing Classes
Implementing Methods
Vocabulary Summary
Program Analysis
Program Correctness
Assertions
Efficiency
Multiple-Choice Questions on Program Design and Analysis
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
7Arrays and Array Lists
One-Dimensional Arrays
Initialization
Length of Array
Traversing a One-Dimensional Array
Arrays as Parameters
Array Variables in a Class
Array of Class Objects
Analyzing Array Algorithms
Array Lists
The ArrayList
Class
The Methods of ArrayList<E>
Autoboxing and Unboxing
Using ArrayList<E>
Two-Dimensional Arrays
Declarations
Matrix as Array of Row Arrays
Processing a Two-Dimensional Array
Two-Dimensional Array as Parameter
Multiple-Choice Questions on Arrays and Array Lists
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
8Recursion
Recursive Methods
General Form of Simple Recursive Methods
Writing Recursive Methods
Analysis of Recursive Methods
Sorting Algorithms That Use Recursion
Recursive Helper Methods
Recursion in Two-Dimensional Grids
Sample Free-Response Question 1
Sample Free-Response Question 2
Multiple-Choice Questions on Recursion
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
9Sorting and Searching
Sorts: Selection and Insertion Sorts
Selection Sort
Insertion Sort
Recursive Sorts: Merge Sort and Quicksort
Merge Sort
Quicksort
Sorting Algorithms in Java
Sequential Search
Binary Search
Analysis of Binary Search
Multiple-Choice aQuestions on Sorting and Searching
Answer Key
Answer Explanations
PRACTICE TESTS
Practice Test 1
Section I
Section II
Answer Key (Section I)
Answer Explanations
Practice Test 2
Section I
Section II
Answer Key (Section I)
Answer Explanations
Appendix: Glossary of Useful Computer Terms
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