Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 16th Edition

Book Preface

Eponyms and Official Anatomical  Terminology

Over the years, we have gradually decreased the number of  eponyms and increased the number of officially accepted anatomical terms. We did this to provide a gradual transition for  instructors and students to become familiar with the changes  with each successive edition. In this edition, we have essentially  eliminated all eponyms and replaced them with current terminology. We have retained a few, such as Down syndrome and
Alzheimer’s disease, because of their entrenchment in medical literature and examinations and the public lexicon. You  will see that each time an eponym appears for the first time in  the text and illustrations, it is referenced in italics immediately  following the updated bold-faced term. In addition, although  eponyms are listed in the glossary and index, they are cross referenced to their current terminology. There is also a list of medical eponyms and their current terms at in Appendix F. These  will help you to reinforce the connection between eponyms  and their current terms.
With regard to anatomical terminology, we have adopted,  for the most part, the official anatomical terms in Terminologia  Anatomica (Second Edition, 2019) and the official cytological  and histological terms in Terminologia Histologia (2008). Once  again, we have retained several unofficial terms because of  their common usage in scientific literature. Among the retained  terms are plasma membrane, not plasmalemma and neuromuscular junction, not neuromuscular synapse. When these  terms are encountered in the text the official term is cited first as a bold-faced term a followed immediately by the nonofficial  term in italics. As with eponyms, all unofficial terms are listed  in the glossary and index and cross referenced to their official terminology to help you reinforce the connection between official and unofficial terms.

Engaging Digitally

The content in Principles of Anatomy and Physiology is completely integrated into online course. This allows you to create  a personalized study plan, assess your progress along the way,  and access the content and resources you need to master the  material. Online course provides immediate insight into your  strengths and problem areas with visual reports that highlight what’s most important for you to act on.

Many dynamic programs integrated into the course help  build your knowledge and understanding, and keep you motivated. Fifteen 3-D Physiology animations were developed  around the most difficult physiological concepts to help students like you understand them more effectively. Muscles in  Motion are animations of the seven major joints of the body,  helping you learn origin, insertion, and movements of muscles  surrounding those joints. Real Anatomy is 3-D imaging software that allows you to dissect through multiple layers of a  real human body to study and learn the anatomical structures  of all body systems. And Anatomy Drill and Practice lets you  test your knowledge of structures with easy drag-and-drop or  fill-in-the-blank labeling exercises. You can practice labeling  illustrations, cadaver photographs, histology micrographs, or anatomical models.

Online course also includes an Integrated Adaptive Practice  that helps you build proficiency and use your study time most effectively.

Highlights of the Sixteenth Edition

For the 16th edition of PAP, we have carefully considered the  advice of a diverse group of our peers and integrated modern  terminology and the latest findings in the A&P field. Additionally, we have significantly enriched our digital online learning  offerings and visualizations. Along with those aspects and substantial illustration enhancements, you will notice the following feature changes to the 16th edition:

We have added new 3D Interactives. These visualizations  provide students with exciting 3D interactive animations that  will allow students to quickly grasp key concepts. Students are  able to freely manipulate the images as the animation plays,  and offers them a thorough and interactive grasp of the concept at hand. These animations cover a wide array of topics  that are critical to understanding anatomy and physiolog Through sixteen editions, our book has focused on homeostasis as a unifying theme. Our bodies are subjected to a  multitude of internal and external stresses on a daily basis.

Fortunately, we have mechanisms to counteract the stresses  and attempt to keep us healthy. This is homeostasis, our ability to maintain relatively stable conditions within the body  in response to disruptive forces that we encounter. We reinforce the theme of homeostasis in several ways throughout  the book:

Signature homeostatic feedback cycle illustrations. Many  have been refined and several have been added to Chapter 18. Clinical Connections. These well-received timely features  provide students with clinical, professional, and everyday relevance of anatomy and physiology. Each one is placed directly  following the discussion to which it relates. We have revised  many of the clinical connections and added numerous other  ones, many of which are now illustrated. Check out the Clinical  Connection in Chapter 23 dealing with tracheostomy, endotracheal intubations, and ventilators. A few photos related to Clinical Connections and Chapter openers were taken prior to the  COVID-19 epidemic and thus do not display PPE (personal protective equipment). Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances. These sections are  found at the end of most chapters and include concise discussions of diseases and disorders that emphasize departures  from homeostasis. They provide many answers to questions  that students have about medical conditions.  Focus on Homeostasis. This usually full-page summary  following a chapter or several chapters for each body system  helps students understand how each body system contributes to homeostasis by itself and through its interactions with other  body systems. All of them have been redesigned for this edition. See page 171 at the end of chapter 5.  Chapter Opening Questions With Illustrations. The medically-oriented questions with accompanying photos highlight  a topic in the chapter and are designed to motivate students  to seek out the answer before reading the chapter. Since they  are clinically-oriented, they also reinforce the balance between  health and disease and how they relate to homeostasis. For example, how are diseases diagnosed, which fats are unhealthy,  why is cancer so difficult to treat, why more females than males  are affected by osteoporosis, what causes runners knee, what  are the harmful effects of anabolic steroids, why are blood tests  ordered, how does cancer spread throughout the body, and  what causes strokes, to name a few. The replacement of virtually all eponyms with current terminology, updated anatomical terminology per Terminologia  Anatomica (2e, 2019) and histology terminology per Terminologia Histologica (2008).  Lastly, we would like to recommend the Allen/Harper Laboratory Manual for Anatomy and Physiology, 7th edition as  a wonderful companion to our text. Also published by Wiley,  Allen/Harper’s lab manual has been carefully revised concurrently with PAP 16e. Laboratory Manual for Anatomy and Physiology, 7th edition now features new figures throughout the lab  manual as well as new bone photographs, a new experiment on  “Diffusion and Osmosis” in Exercise 5, and updated terminology. The laboratory manual is designed to enhance learning. It  includes lab activities which encourage group discussions and  experiments that utilize the scientific method.