Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 12th Edition

Book Preface

An anatomy and physiology course can be the gateway to a gratifying career in a host of health-related professions. As active teachers of the course, we recognize both the rewards and challenges in providing a strong foundation for understanding the complexities of the human body to an increasingly diverse population of students. The twelfth edition of Principles of Anatomy and Physiology continues to offer a balanced presentation of content under the umbrella of our primary and unifying theme of homeostasis, supported by relevant discussions of disruptions to homeostasis. In addition, years of student feedback have convinced us that readers learn anatomy and physiology more readily when they remain mindful of the relationship between structure and function. As a writing team—an anatomist and a physiologist—our very different specializations offer practical advantages in fine-tuning the balance between anatomy and physiology.

Most importantly, our students continue to remind us of their needs for—and of the power of—simplicity, directness, and clarity.

To meet these needs each chapter has been written and revised to include:

• clear, compelling, and up-to-date discussions of anatomy and physiology
• expertly executed and generously sized art
• classroom-tested pedagogy
• outstanding student study support.

As we revised the content for this edition, we kept our focus on these important criteria for success in the anatomy and physiology classroom and have refined or added new elements to enhance the teaching and learning process.

BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
C h a p t e r 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY 1
2 THE CHEMICAL LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION 28
3 THE CELLULAR LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION 61
4 THE TISSUE LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION 109
5 THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM 147
6 THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: BONE TISSUE 175
7 THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: THE AXIAL SKELETON 198
8 THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON 235
9 JOINTS 264
10 MUSCULAR TISSUE 301
11 THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM 337
12 NERVOUS TISSUE 415
13 THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES 460
14 THE BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES 495
15 THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 546
16 SENSORY, MOTOR, AND INTEGRATIVE SYSTEMS 569
17 THE SPECIAL SENSES 598
18 THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 642
19 THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: THE BLOOD 689
20 THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: THE HEART 717
21 THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: BLOOD VESSELS AND HEMODYNAMICS 760
22 THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY 831
23 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 874
24 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 921
25 METABOLISM AND NUTRITION 977
26 THE URINARY SYSTEM 1018
27 FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID–BASE HOMEOSTASIS 1062
28 THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS 1081
29 DEVELOPMENT AND INHERITANCE 1133