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Physics for Scientists and Engineers: An Interactive Approach 2 edition



Physics for Scientists and Engineers: An Interactive Approach  2 edition PDF

Author: Robert Hawkes | Javed Iqbal

Publisher: Nelson Canada

Genres:

Publish Date: January 1, 2018

ISBN-10: 0176587195

Pages: 1360

File Type: PDF

Language: English

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Book Preface

PhySicS, A Science For liFe
Physics is an exciting field that has changed our understanding of the world we live in and has immense implications for our everyday lives. we believe physics should be seen as the creative process that it is, and we aim to help the reader feel their own thrill of discovery. to that end, Physics for Scientist and Engineers: An Interactive Approach, second edition, has taken a unique student-first development model. Fundamental topics are developed gradually, with great attention to the logical transition from the simple to the complex, and from the intuitive to the mathematical, all while highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of physics. this inquisitive and inspirational science is further supported with current events in Canada and beyond, and innovative pedagogy based on Physics Education Research (PER) such as Interactive Activities, Checkpoints, unique problem-solving strategies via open-ended problems, and ending Examples with “Making sense of the results.”
hoW We do iT Student-First development Model
■ the vision for this text was to develop it from the student perspective, providing the background, logical development of concepts, and sufficient rigour and challenge necessary to help students excel. It provides a significant array of engaging examples and original problems with varying levels of complexity. ■ students who are the primary users of educational textbooks have not traditionally been involved in their development. In Physics for Scientists and Engineers: An Interactive Approach we engaged student advisory boards to evaluate the material from a student perspective and to develop the Peer to Peer boxes, which provide useful tips for
navigating difficult concepts. ■ one idea that spans a number of the PeR-informed instructional strategies is the value of student
collaboration. It is clear that learning is deeper when students develop ideas in collaboration with peers and work together both in brainstorming approaches and in developing solutions. this text has been written to encourage collaborative learning. For example, the open-ended problems and Interactive activities are ideally suited
to a group approach. the conceptual problems in each chapter are well suited for use in studiostyle classrooms or in approaches that involve peer instruction strategies or interactive lectures. In some places, we have moved derivations from chapters to problems to encourage student discovery of key relationships. the simulations and experiment suggestions will encourage students to engage with the material in a meaningful way. For example, in Chapter 3 students are asked to answer their own questions by using motion detectors on their own smartphones. and with so many Phet simulations now accessible by mobile devices, students can extend their own investigations from the Interactive activities. ■ one goal of any book is to inspire students to appreciate the beauty of the subject and even go on to contribute and become leaders in the field. For this to be achieved, students must see the relevance of the subject. the strong interdisciplinary focus throughout the book will help students achieve this goal. at the same time, it is also important that students can see themselves as future physicists. this is a broad-market calculus-based introductory physics text written by a Canadian author team, and we have used Canadian and international examples highlighting physics discoveries, applications, notable scientists past and present, as well as contributions from young Canadians. ■ students place high value on learning that will help them contribute to society. For example, service learning is more popular than ever before, and a high number of students set goals of medical or social development careers. also, there is strong public interest in such fundamental areas as particle physics, quantum mechanics, relativity, string theory, and cosmology. Revised and additional Making Connections boxes support the view of physics as a highly relevant, modern, and socially important field.
gradual development of Fundamental Topics the following are some examples of how fundamental topics are developed in a way that mirrors how a student’s own learning progresses, without overwhelming them up front. ■ Motion: Chapters 3 and 4 have been reworked with an improved flow, logical structure, more diagrams, and consistent notation. Free body diagrams are now introduced in one dimension first (Chapter 5). Chapter 9 now develops angular momentum with an easy-to-grasp approach that includes student participation. the concept of rolling motion is covered from different angles in Chapter 9. dedicating a chapter to rolling motion has allowed us to focus on and develop the subject gradually, starting with intuitive definitions related to everyday life. Problems that are commonly used at this level are offered in multiple versions with increasing difficulty, and novel open problems walk the student through powerful concepts such as spin and momentum. ■ Forces: In the mechanics chapters, students are urged to consider how situations would feel. For example, prior to formally stating newton’s third law, the idea is qualitatively treated from the perspective of what happens when two friends on ice push each other. ■ Torque: In Chapter 8, the often problematic concept of torque is introduced in a simple representation of the product of force and distance for the case where these are perpendicular. this is done with examples from everyday life. the discussion then evolves to treating the case where the force is not perpendicular to the displacement. the factors contributing to the torque exerted by a force are developed intuitively and presented using different perspectives, leading to the concept of the moment arm and the full vector representation of torque as the cross product between two vectors. ■ Inertia: In Chapter 8, moment of inertia is introduced using the simple case of a rotating point mass. this leads intuitively to the moment of inertia of a collection of point masses. the point mass model is used to calculate the moment of inertia of a ring which is contrasted to the moment of inertia of a disk to aid with the intuitive appreciation of the radial distribution of mass on moments of inertia for simple cases. the moment of inertia of a ring is then calculated using integration, which is also applied to the calculation of the moment of inertia of a disk, and employed in the development of the parallel axis theorem. ■ treatment of exoplanets in Chapter 11 begins with a qualitative discussion before moving on to quantitative treatment and end-of-chapter problem material. unique to introductory physics textbooks on the market, coverage of this concept also includes Canadian connections in the development of the field. ■ Gauss’s Law: Chapter 20 is now devoted to Gauss’s law, and provides broader range of coverage including concepts that students may not have encountered in math courses (such as vector fields and surface integrals). we invoke an approach in introducing Gauss’s law that is unique among introductory physics texts in Canada: we introduce the idea of flux through closed surfaces by first considering how many electric field lines are “caught” in different situations. this semi-quantitative treatment precedes the traditional mathematical treatment developed later in the chapter. ■ Capacitance comes to life in Chapter 22 with
qualitative treatment in two Interactive activities, which reflects the approach of Phet simulations in general, and provides opportunity for both group and individual work—and further supported responses in the solutions manual. ■ Electromagnetism: In Chapter 24, cross products relate more strongly to their use in earlier
chapters; magnetic field calculations and interactions between fields and charges have been more thoroughly developed. ■ while most texts cover the idea of historical interferometers, our treatment through the new Making Connection boxes in section 29-1 (lIGo) and section 30-10 (detecting Gravitational waves) is highly current and combines the basic idea of interferometers with the amazing technology allowing the precision of lIGo. we then provide quantitative treatment in the details of the first black hole coalescence detected by lIGo (and this is extended with a new problem at the end of the chapter).

Preface xvi About the Authors xxv Text Walkthrough xxvii Acknowledgments xxx
SecTion 1 MechAnicS 1 chAPTer 1 Introduction to Physics 1 chAPTer 2 Scalars and Vectors 31 chAPTer 3 Motion in One Dimension 55 chAPTer 4 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions 111 chAPTer 5 Forces and Motion 141 chAPTer 6 Work and Energy 191 chAPTer 7 Linear Momentum, Collisions, and Systems of Particles 223 chAPTer 8 Rotational Kinematics and Dynamics 265 chAPTer 9 Rolling Motion 311 chAPTer 10 Equilibrium and Elasticity 345 chAPTer 11 Gravitation 383 chAPTer 12 Fluids 421
SecTion 2 WAveS And oScillATionS 465 chAPTer 13 Oscillations 465 chAPTer 14 Waves 507 chAPTer 15 Sound and Interference 561
SecTion 3 TherModynAMicS 591 chAPTer 16 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 591 chAPTer 17 Heat, Work, and the First Law of Thermodynamics 613 chAPTer 18 Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics 635
SecTion 4 elecTriciTy, MAgneTiSM, And oPTicS 657 chAPTer 19 Electric Fields and Forces 657 chAPTer 20 Gauss’s Law 693 chAPTer 21 Electrical Potential Energy and Electric Potential 735 chAPTer 22 Capacitance 773 chAPTer 23 Electric Current and Fundamentals of DC Circuits 801 chAPTer 24 Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Forces 839 chAPTer 25 Electromagnetic Induction 893 chAPTer 26 Alternating Current Circuits 937 chAPTer 27 Electromagnetic Waves and Maxwell’s Equations 957 chAPTer 28 Geometric Optics 987 chAPTer 29 Physical Optics 1027

SecTion 5 Modern PhySicS 1057 chAPTer 30 Relativity 1057 chAPTer 31 Fundamental Discoveries of Modern Physics 1099 chAPTer 32 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 1123 chAPTer 33 Introduction to Solid-State Physics 1163 chAPTer 34 Introduction to nuclear Physics 1187 chAPTer 35 Introduction to Particle Physics 1227
APPendix A Answers to Selected Problems A-1 APPendix B SI Units and Prefixes B-1 APPendix c Geometry and Trigonometry c-1 APPendix d Key Calculus Ideas d-1 APPendix e Useful Mathematic Formulas and Mathematical Symbols e-1 APPendix F Periodic Table F-1 index


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