Marks’ Basic Medical Biochemistry: A Clinical Approach Fifth

Book Preface

It has been 5 years since the fourth edition was completed. The fifth edition has some significant organizational changes, as suggested by extensive surveys of faculty and students who used the fourth edition in their classes and studies. The major pedagogic features of the text remain. They have been enhanced by the following changes for the fifth edition:
1. Every patient history has been reviewed and revised to reflect current standards of care (as of 2016). The patient names have also been changed to a first name and last initial. A key indicating the “old” names and
“new” names is available in the online supplement associated with the text.
2. The Biochemical Comments associated with each chapter have been updated, where appropriate, to allow students to experience where current research efforts are headed.
3. The presentation of metabolism has been altered such that glycolysis is now the first topic discussed, followed by the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and then oxidative phosphorylation. The correlation between fourth edition chapters and fifth edition chapters are as follows:
a. Chapters 1 through 18, no change
b. Section IV is now entitled “Carbohydrate Metabolism, Fuel Oxidation, and the Generation of Adenosine Triphosphate” and consists of Chapters 19 through 28.
i. Chapter 19 of the fifth edition (Basic Concepts in the Regulation of Fuel Metabolism by Insulin, Glucagon, and Other Hormones) is based on Chapter 26 of the fourth edition.
ii. Chapter 20 of the fifth edition (Cellular Bioenergetics:
Adenosine Triphosphate and O2) is based on Chapter 19 of the fourth edition.
iii. Chapter 21 of the fifth edition (Digestion, Absorption, and
Transport of Carbohydrates) is based on Chapter 27 of the fourth edition.
iv. Chapter 22 of the fifth edition (Generation of Adenosine
Triphosphate from Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose: Glycolysis) is based on Chapter 22 of the fourth edition and also contains parts of Chapter 29 of the fourth edition (Pathways of Sugar Metabolism: Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Fructose, and Galactose Metabolism).
v. Chapter 23 of the fifth edition (Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle) is based on Chapter 20 of the fourth edition.
vi. Chapter 24 of the fifth edition (Oxidative Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Function) is based on Chapter 21 of the fourth edition.
vii. Chapter 25 of the fifth edition (Oxygen Toxicity and Free-
Radical Injury) is based on Chapter 24 of the fourth edition. viii. Chapter 26 of the fifth edition (Formation and Degradation of
Glycogen) is based on Chapter 28 of the fourth edition.
ix. Chapter 27 of the fifth edition (Pentose Phosphate Pathway and the Synthesis of Glycosides, Lactose, Glycoproteins, and Glycolipids) is based on Chapter 30 of the fourth edition, along with a section (The Pentose Phosphate Pathway) of Chapter 29 of the fourth edition. This led to the deletion of old Chapter 29 from the Table of Contents of the fifth edition.
x. Chapter 28 of the fifth edition (Gluconeogenesis and
Maintenance of Blood Glucose Levels) is based on Chapter 31 of the fourth edition.
c. Section V (Lipid Metabolism) now consists of the following chapters:

i. Chapter 29 of the fifth edition (Digestion and Transport of
Dietary Lipids) is based on Chapter 32 of the fourth edition.
ii. Chapter 30 of the fifth edition (Oxidation of Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies) is based on Chapter 23 of the fourth edition.
iii. Chapter 31 of the fifth edition (Synthesis of Fatty Acids,
Triacylglycerols, and the Major Membrane Lipids) is based on Chapter 33 of the fourth edition and also contains basic information concerning the eicosanoids from Chapter 35 of the fourth edition. Material from Chapter 35 of the fourth edition that was not incorporated into Chapter 31 of the fifth edition is available as an online supplement. A separate chapter on eicosanoid metabolism is not present in the fifth edition.
iv. Chapter 32 of the fifth edition (Cholesterol Absorption,
Synthesis, Metabolism, and Fate) is based on Chapter 34 of the fourth edition.
v. Chapter 33 of the fifth edition (Metabolism of Ethanol) is based on Chapter 25 of the fourth edition.
vi. Chapter 34 of the fifth edition (Integration of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism) is based on Chapter 36 of the fourth edition.
d. Section VI (Nitrogen Metabolism) has the same chapter order as in the fourth edition, but because two chapters have been deleted previously from the text, the chapter numbers in the fifth edition are two less than in the fourth edition. Section VI in the fifth edition comprises Chapters 35 through 40, whereas in the fourth edition, it is Chapters 37 through 42.
e. Section VII (Tissue Metabolism) has the same chapter order as in the fourth edition, but the chapter numbers in the fifth edition are two less than in the fourth edition. Section VII in the fifth edition comprises Chapters 41 through 47, whereas in the fourth edition, it is Chapters 43 through 49.
4. The number of printed review questions at the end of each chapter has been increased to 10, up from 5 questions per chapter in the fourth edition (470 total questions). The online question bank associated with the text has also been increased to 560 questions, as compared to 468 questions associated with the fourth edition. Where possible, questions are presented in National Board of Medical Examiners format.
As stated in previous editions, in revising a text geared primarily toward medical students, the authors always struggle with new advances in biochemistry and whether such advances should be included in the text. We have taken the approach of only including advances that will enable the student to better relate biochemistry to medicine and future diagnostic tools. Although providing incomplete, but exciting, advances to graduate students is best for their education, medical students benefit more from a more directed approach—one that emphasizes how biochemistry is useful for the practice of medicine. This is
a major goal of this text.
Any errors are the responsibility of the authors, and we would appreciate being notified when such errors are found.
The accompanying website for this edition of Marks’ Basic Medical Biochemistry: A Clinical Approach contains the aforementioned additional multiple-choice questions for review, a table listing patient names for the fifth edition and how they correspond to those of the fourth edition, summaries of all patients described in the text (patient cases), all chapter references and additional reading (with links to the article in PubMed, where applicable), a listing of diseases discussed in the book (with links to appropriate websites for more information), and a summary of all of the methods described throughout the text.