Intermediate Accounting: 2014 FASB Update, 15th edition
Book Preface
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL REPORTING
The essential characteristics of accounting are (1) the identification, measurement, and communication of financial information about (2) economic entities to (3) interested parties. Financial accounting is the process that culminates in the preparation of financial reports on the enterprise for use by both internal and external parties. Users of these financial reports include investors, creditors, managers, unions, and government agencies. In contrast, managerial accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, analyzing, and communicating financial information needed by management to plan, control, and evaluate a company’s operations. Financial statements are the principal means through which a company communicates its financial information to those outside it. These statements provide a company’s history quantified in money terms. The financial statements most frequently provided are (1) the balance sheet, (2) the income statement, (3) the statement of cash flows, and (4) the statement of owners’ or stockholders’ equity. Note disclosures are an integral part of each financial statement.
Some financial information is better provided, or can be provided only, by means of financial reporting other than formal financial statements. Examples include the president’s letter or supplementary schedules in the corporate annual report, prospectuses, reports filed with government agencies, news releases, management’s forecasts, and social or environmental impact statements. Companies may need to provide such information because of authoritative pronouncement, regulatory rule, or custom. Or they may supply it because management wishes to disclose it voluntarily. In this textbook, we focus on the development of two types of financial information: (1) the basic financial statements and (2) related disclosures
Brief Contents
1 Financial Accounting and Accounting Standards 2
2 Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting 42
3 The Accounting Information System 82
4 Income Statement and Related Information 158
5 Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows 212
6 Accounting and the Time Value of Money 286
7 Cash and Receivables 344
8 Valuation of Inventories: A Cost-Basis Approach 414
9 Inventories: Additional Valuation Issues 472
10 Acquisition and Disposition of Property, Plant,
and Equipment 536
11 Depreciation, Impairments, and Depletion 588
12 Intangible Assets 648
13 Current Liabilities and Contingencies 700
14 Long-Term Liabilities 762
15 Stockholders’ Equity 820
16 Dilutive Securities and Earnings per Share 882
17 Investments 950
18 Revenue Recognition 1040
19 Accounting for Income Taxes 1116
20 Accounting for Pensions and Postretirement
Benefits 1182
21 Accounting for Leases 1268
22 Accounting Changes and Error Analysis 1342
23 Statement of Cash Flows 1410
24 Full Disclosure in Financial Reporting 1486
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