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Animal Models of Ophthalmic Diseases



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Author: Chi-Chao Chan

Publisher: Springer

Genres:

Publish Date: December 2, 2015

ISBN-10: 331919433X

Pages: 152

File Type: PDF

Language: English

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Book Preface

When researching human diseases, models allow for a better understanding of the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human. Like other forms of medical research, ophthalmology and vision research focuses on the investigation of disease pathogenesis and the discovery of novel therapies through in vitro and in vivo methodology. The in vivo experiments employ animal models including vertebrates (zebrafish, rodents, rabbits, and primates) and invertebrates (fruit flies and nematodes) for drug screening. Development of suitable experimental models is critical in identifying risk factors for disease, elucidating fundamental molecular mechanisms in disease progression, and providing guidance as to whether or not a particular treatment could be safe and effective for humans. This book is disease-oriented and presents different animal models used for common ocular diseases, including herpetic keratitis, cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, Graves’ disease, and ocular tumors. In addition, world expert clinicians make critical comments on the clinical implications of each model.

Hendricks, Yun, Rowe, and Carroll compare some of the animal models of HSV-1 keratitis and their relation to human disease, and discuss some recent novel findings on the pathogenesis of HSV-1 keratitis in mice. Edward Holland states, “From a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective, HSV keratitis is one of the most challenging entities confronting the clinician.” and “Animal models of HSV are critical to the understanding of the pathophysiology and efficacy of new treatment.”

West-Mays describes the experimental animal models most commonly utilized for investigating the genetic and environmental risk factors known to contribute to cataract formation. The strengths and weaknesses of each of these models are highlighted, as well as many recent advances. Yizhi Liu commends: “Although animal models cannot fully represent the features of human cataracts, they are indispensable tools to explore the mechanism of cataractogenesis. Clinicians and researchers alike will find this chapter to be a guide for selecting proper cataract animal models according to different investigation purposes.”


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